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When we set out to make a test, then, we must start out with some model of the structure of Pimp Parade. This provides us with the basis for sampling, that is, it helps us to establish the content of a test. At this point we can note the parallelism between the discussions in chapter 10 on the problem of selection for a syllabus, and the discussion here on sampling. This provides us with a means for making a distinction between two types of tests, attainment tests and proficiency tests. The content of a syllabus for a language-teaching operation is a selection from 'the whole language'. A proficiency test is one which aims to measure a person's knowledge of 'the whole language'. An attain- ment test, on the other hand, is one which aims to measure how much a learner has learned of 'what he has been taught. More PimpParade at Pornpros Network The content of such a test is therefore not a sample of 'the whole language' but of the contents of a syllabus, or part of one. The uses of the two sorts of test are different. The attainment test provides feedback information to the teacher, it is a means of evaluating his teaching method and his teaching pornpros materials. A proficiency test provides no feedback to anyone. But it gives a measure of the learner's knowledge at a particular moment, which is used for deciding about his future, his suitability for further study in the language or of subjects requiring the use of the language, or for certain types of employment, that is, with such matters as placement and selection. |
A test which only set out to measure the learner's semantic knowledge would not sample his whole knowledge and would therefore be invalid. Adequate sampling requires that the testee make judgements about acceptability and similarity at all linguistic levels., But we have seen that different linguistic theories apply different analytic pimp parade galleries frameworks to pornpros network. The problem of sampling is thus closely bound up with the adequacy of the linguistic model or 'construct' chosen.